Which Layer Of The Fibre Channel (Fc) Protocol Stack Defines The Fabric Services?

what is a fibre channel protocol?

Fibre Aqueduct(FC) explains us the way the data must be transferred serially over copper and optic fibre for lower latency and fast mechanisms. Fibre channel protocol is a SCSI interface protocol which uses underlying Fibre Channel Connectedness, these standards define high-speed data transfer operations that can be used to connect supercomputers, storage devices, mainframes, workstations, and displays.

FC topologies are

DAS ( Straight Attached Storage)
NAS (Network Attached Storage)
SAN (Storage Surface area Network)

FC ports are

N_Port (Node Port)
F_Port (Cloth Port)
L_Port (Loop Port)
FL_Port (Fabric Loop Port)
E_Port (Extension Port)
G_Port (Generic Port)
GL_Port (Generic Loop Port)
SL_Port (Segmented Loop Port)
TL_Port (Translated Loop Port)
T_Port (Body Port)

Characteristics are:

1) FCP is original SAN protocol

2)It uses dedicated adaptors, cables, and switches and is unlike from ethernet at all layers of OSI stack, including the physical level

iii)FCP is used to send SCSI(Pocket-size Computer System Interface) commands over Fibre Channel Network

four)Fibre Channel is a very stable and reliable protocol

5)It is lossless dissimilar TCP and UDP

6)It supports a bandwidth of 100 MB/southward to 1.6 GB/s and the distance can be extended from 500 meters to ten kilometers.

7) FCP uses WWN (Globe Wide Names) for its addressing and is 8byte addresses made of sixteen hexadecimal characters

8)Their format is 15:00:00:f0:8c:95:de

World Wide Names are of ii types

. WORLDWIDE NODE Name (WWNN)

. WORLDWIDE PORT NAME (WWPN)

WWNN is assigned to a node in the storage network and these WWNN's can identify multiple network interfaces of a single network node. It tin be regenerated

WWPN

. A different WWPN is assigned to every individual port on a node

. A multiport HBA (Host jitney Adaptor) will have different WWPN'due south on each port

. WWPN's are equivalent to MAC address in Ethernet

. WWPN's is burned in past manufacturer and guaranteed to be globally unique

. WWPN'southward are assigned to HBA's on both clients and storage system

. WWPN's are primarily considered when configuring Fibre Channel Network than WWNN'South

. WWPN'S cannot be regenerated

then how does FCP stack look?

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UPPER PROTOCOL LAYER (FC-4 level ) :-

FC-4 is the uppermost layer in the FCP stack. This layer defines the application interfaces and the styleUpper Layer Protocols (ULPs) are mapped to the lower FC layers.
This layer is used to analyze the base protocols like

ATM:- The acronym ATM stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode and refers to a communication protocol that can be used to transfer data, videos, and speech. The cells are 53 bytes in size and have 48 bytes of usable data along with five bytes of cell header. The cells are transferred via asynchronous fourth dimension multiplexing. Asynchronous Transfer Mode is a telecommunication standard defined by ANSI and ITU standards for the carriage of user traffic, including telephony, data, and video signals.
SCSI:- A pocket-size computer systems interface (SCSI) is a standard interface for connecting peripheral devices to a PC. SCSI is used to increase operation, deliver faster data transfer transmission, and provide larger expansion for devices such as CD-ROM drives, scanners, DVD drives, and CD writers.
ESCOM:-Enterprise Service Communication is too a common implementation pattern for service-oriented compages
HIPPI:-High-Performance Parallel Interface is a standard indicate-to-indicate protocol for transmitting large amounts of information at upward to billions of bits per second over relatively short distances, mainly in the local area networks ( LAN's).HIPPI is considered an ideal engineering for the transfer of "big information," such every bit information warehouse updating, audio and video streams, and information backup within a range of up to 10 kilometers.
TCP/IP:-Manual Control Protocol/Net Protocol, is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.

Mutual SERVICES LAYER(FC-three) :-

Includes class of services predefined by the user

Class 1:

connection-oriented with acknowledgment

> dedicated connection for transfer of data

> unabridged bandwidth is reserved from source to destination

CLASS two:

connectionless with acquittance

> no defended connexion for transfer of information

> no bandwidth is reserved from source to destination

CLASS iii:

connectionless without acknowledgment

> no bandwidth is reserved

> most widely used class of service

> acknowledgment is under the care of SCSI protocol

CLASS 4:

connection-oriented with a express portion of acknowledgment of bandwidth

Form 5:

reserved by SNIA for future research

CLASS six:

same as Course 4

FRAMING LAYER(FC-ii) :-

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The basic building blocks of an FC connection are the Frames. The Frames contain the information to exist transmitted (Payload), the address of the source and destination ports, and link control information. Frames are broadly categorized as Data frames and Link_control frames.

Data frames may be used equally Link_Data frames and Device_Data frames
link control frames are classified as Acknowledge (ACK) and Link_Response (Busy and Refuse) frames.

Information technology is the FC-ii layer's responsibility to suspension the information to be transmitted into Frame size and reassemble the Frames.

Each frame begins and ends with a Frame Delimiter every bit shown in the below effigy

maximum 2112 bytes long field(payload) contains the information to be transferred from a Source port to destination port. The iv bytes Circadian Back-up Cheque(CRC) precedes the EOF delimiter. The CRC is used to find manual errors.

Flow Control:

Flow command is the FC-ii command process to pace the period of Frames between N_Ports and between a N_Port and the Material to forbid overrun at the receiver. Flow control is dependent upon the service classes.

Class 1 Frames use stop-to-end catamenia control

class three uses only buffer-to-buffer credits

class 2 Frames use both types of flow control.

Menstruation command is managed by the Sequence Initiator (source) and Sequence Recipient (destination) Ports using Credit and Credit_CNT. Where Credit is the number of buffers allocated to a transmitting Port.

ENCODE AND DECODE LAYER(FC1):-

This layer determines the transmission protocol that includes series encoding and decoding rules, special characters used, and error command.

At the transmitter node, an 8-bit graphic symbol is encoded into a 10-fleck transmissions grapheme. This grapheme is then transmitted to the receiver node.

At the receiver node, the 10-fleck graphic symbol is passed to the FC-i layer, which decodes the 10-bit character into the original viii-bit character. 10Gbps and 16 Gbps communication uses 64b/66b encoding